Nail-making machine.



Patented July 3|, |900.

J. J'. rqmrmlss'-EY.-4 NAIL. MAKING MACHINE.

5 Sheets-Sheet l,

(Nd Model.)

. No. 654,911. vPatented my. 3|. |900.. I.L J. mumssev.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE. (Applicqtibn led bec. 9, 1899.) (No Modelli 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

3.-- Mmwea M9,

No. 654,9". Y Patented IuIy 3|, moo. l I. J. MoIIIIIssIaY.

NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application med Dec. 9, 1899.)

(No Modem i s sheets-heet 4.

Ziff VM DQ ls QW A3-amel?, marnuew @MII-m MINI- Patented IuIy SI, |900.

No. 654,9II.

.1. u lmonRIs'sEv. NAIL MAKING MACHINE.

(Application mednec. 9, 1899*) S'Sheets-Sheet 5.

(No Model JAMES J. nonnissnnor loiiicAeo, ILLIlNoIs.

'NAlL-HMAAKING 'MAcl-HINE.

srncrrrcarron frminpgrrwpf Letters rewriting. 654,911, dated July 31,1900.

lApplicant finamente 9,

To all whom t may'coitofiat-:` Beit known that l, JAltiEs J. Monnissnv,a citizen of the United States, residingat Ghicago, in the countyofCookand State of Illi nois, have invented certain nevvand useful.`

`Improvements in Nail-MakingMajchines, of which the following is 'aspecification...

My invention relates tofmechanism'for the automatic manufacture of.nails, spikes,

brads, tacks,'and the like froinvvire, and has for its object tosimplify the construction of such machines, toincrease, their capacity,to bring a plurality of nail-forming throatsinto small compass Within'the limits of a single unitary machine and independe'rtly:control ismproper to describe that `appertaining to the grade of the output ofeach,and tointro duce various other features, all aswill be. un derstoodfrom the ensuing description. l

In the drawings,' Figure 1 isa top Aplan view of one section of amachine embodying my invention, consisting of` as'implei throat andaccessory t mechanism, constituting, in connection with mechanismcommonV tofaljl of the other throats, a complete operating device. Fig.2 is a side elevation of theapparatus shown in the foregoing figure, itbeing understood that this is a prototype of all the sections and thateach isfdriven by actuating instrumentalities intercommon to all. Fig,

3 is a plan view of the machine-frame, shoivin g all of thethroat-sections assembledaround i the common `operating-shaft. Figli isa ver i tical transversesection throughlone ofl the 1 throats on thecorrespondingly-nu mbered line in Fig. 1, the shearing or severing jawsbeing removed and the nipping jaws or vise eX-l posed. Fig. 5 is asimilar section on line 5 5 of Fig. l with the severingfjaws in placeand closed. Fig. 6 is a similar section on theline i 6 6 of Fig. l,detailing the guide blocks and Ways for the operating-bars of a singlethroat- Way-section. Fig. 7 is a liorizrontalsectional `detail on theline 7 7 of Fig. 4: to explain the immediate mechanism for operating theshearing device and nipping or clamping jaws. Fig. 8 is an enlargeddetail in elevation, showingthe straightening-rolls andfeedingagencylfor a single throat-section; Fig. p

9, an enlarged sectional view through the center of` a thro ats`ectionWith the Wire `in position, showing, among` other things, themeansforengaging the throat with ordisen- 1899. "sriiiinmvsavaa gunman.)

l'gaging it from the common actuating agencies; and Figs. 10, l1, and l2are details representing, respectively, the relation of Wire andforming' instruinentalities immediately after the endjof the feed-strokewith a nail falready headed thereon at the stage of pointing andsevering the completed nail and at ,thebmoment the upsetting hammer orplunger has completed its movement to formthe head "of the next nail. 4Since each throat-section is formed lalike, fprovidedwith the sameaccessory mechanism :andfcoupled to the common' operating agen- "cies inthe same Way,iit will bensufiicient for "an understanding of thenailfforming mechane any given section, explaining in connection i itherewith the relationsof allsections to their mutuajl actuating source.

A represents a triangular bench iixedly supported at its out end by aleg or legs A' 'and at `its innerend secured to a table A2, encircling avertical shaft B, which constitutes "the 'single and' commondriving-shaftlof the whole machine. Advisably the apex of each bench issecured to the central tabletangen- "tially to the shaft, thus not onlyobtaininga broader overlap and rmer joint, but by bringing thelongitudinal axis of each bench j along which the forming and actuatingagen- 'cies are arranged to a tangent to said'shaft obtainingadditionaladvantages in the Way of economical and effective operation ofparts, such as Will hereinafter appear.

` Upon the shaft D are fixed cams of diiiering size and of varyingoutlines suitable to their office, as clearly indicated in Figs. l and2. The upper cam vB' operates an ejector in each throat for strikingolfand discharging any'nail which may not have been completely severed, soas to fall by its "own Weight. The second cam B2 moves the hammer orheading plunger of each throat and incidentally therethrough operatesthe Wire-feed.` The third cam B3 actuates the shearingor severing jawsof each throat,`and the lower cam B4 moves the nipping or clamping jaivsor vise against which the haininenheads the nail. A pulley B5 affords'jmeansfor driving theshaft.l O Inthe bench are formed longitudinal slotsCZ d', ivhich serve to guide and direct a frame-4 IOO plate D, carryingthe feeding, nipping, severing, heading, and ejecting mechanism and itsimmediate accessores,'along the beforementioned tangential path towardand from the central shaft. This frame-plate, supporting theabove-mentioned instrnmentalities, may be forced in toward the shaft bymeans of a toggle E, the rear member e of which is hinged to a bracketE', rising from the bench, is operated by lever E2, and has a heeleXtension e, which abuts against the inner vertical face of the bracketwhen the toggle is eX- tended and locked, while the forward member e2,hinged to the rear of said base-plate, is stayed by its heel extensione2 against a stop-lug E3 from the bench when the togglelock isbrOken.

F represents the straightening-rolls collectively, mounted in suitablebearings in standards F near the rear end of the base-plate, the twolower rolls f being mounted in xed bearings and the upper intermediateroller f in vertically-sliding bearings adjustably pressed downward bymeans of screws f2, as shown. Succeeding the straightening-rollers anddirectly in advance thereof along the throatway G, afforded by theframe-plate, is the feed G', comprising a wire-supporting block g,sliding in ways g longitudinally of said throatway and overhead feed-dogg2, pivoted to the ears g2, upstanding from said block, a shank G2,rigid with the dog, and a slotted lever G8, taking over the upper end ofsaid shank and connected, as presently eX- plained, tomove the block toand fro at suitable intervals, opening the dog in the rearward movementand closing it in the advancing movement. A spring g4, interposedbetween the lever and the block, prevents the d og from being thrownback without carry- Ving the block along with it. Next to the feed G/comes an anvil-block H, having a guideaperture h for the wire and facedon the farther side with a removable hardened plate h to resist the blowof the upsetting instrument. Working in contact with and parallel tothis plate h' is a vise K, composed of the nipping or clamping jaws 7c,mounted in the upper opposing arms 7a of elbow-levers K', pivoted onjournal-shafts k2, supported by the slidable frame-plate. Thenippingjaws are adjustable in the carrying-arms of the elbow-levers bymeans of set-screws 7a2, by which they may be moved toward each other,and binding-screws 7a4, by which they are securely held in any positionto which they may be set. The lower arms of the elbow-levers are underthe constant tension of a spring K2, which tends to draw themconstantly'toward each other and against stops l K3, which may beadjustable, thus opening the vise. Means are provided, as will appear indue course, whereby these arms are at the proper time forced apartagainst the stress of the spring to close the vise and nip the wire forthe heading or upsetting process.

Parallel with the nipping -jaws and on to normally hold the jaws open.

their further side are the pointing andsevering jaws L, with beveledrecesses Z to form the point of the nail or tack and knife-edges Z tosever it from the body of the wire. These jaws are carried inslide-blocks L', working in transverse ways Z2 on brackets L2 on theframe-plate, and are adjustable in said slide-blocks by set-screws Z3and bindingscrewsZ, whereby wear may be taken up. The slide-blocks arerecessed beneath at Z5 to receive the upper ends of actuating-levers L3,pivoted on the aforementioned journalshafts 7a2 and drawn toward eachother at their lower ends by the force of a spring L4 Above the pointingand severing jaws is the ejector M, Secured to rock-shaft Ml andnormally held out of the path of the jaws bythe spring fm,

coiled about said rock-shaft. This ejector is actuated after theoperation of the severingjaws by means of crank m, thrust-rod M2, androller m2 on the end of said thrust-rod, traveling on cam B' of thecentral'shaft.

Sliding longitudinally of the throatway G in suitable guides n and n onthat side of the two pairs of nipping and severing jaws toward thecentral shaft isthe upsetting plunger or hammer N, which acts againstthe proximate faces of the nipping-jaws after the severing-jaws open toupset and head the wire for the formation of a fresh nail. This plungeris normally retracted by means of spring N', but is urged forward at theproper time byroller n2, journaled in its heel end and traveling on theperiphery of the starcam B2 of the central shaft. An arm N2 from theplunger-bar is connected by link N3 with the power end of the feed-leverG3, and thereby throws back the feed-block and dog to take a new grip asthe plunger advances and moves them forward as the plunger retreats tofeed a fresh length of wire. The connection between the link and leveris made adjustable by means of slot n3, whereby the lever-arm can belengthened or shortened to vary the distance of feed and the consequentsize of the nails to be made. Now referring to Figs. 5, 6, 7, and 9, theshear-levers controlling the pointing and severing jaws are operated toclose said jaws by means of the reciprocating actuating-bar O, mountedin guides 0 o in hangers O and O2 from the slidable frame-plate. The baris moved by a roller o2 upon its end adjacent to the central shafttraveling upon the periphery of the cam B2 of the outline shown, and atits opposite end engages the converging arms o2 of toggles O2, which actupon each advancing movement of the bar to force apart the pendent armsof the shear-levers against the stress of their spring, thereby bringingthe jaws together, compressing a point upon the nailfand severing itfrom the body of the wire. As the spring L4, acting upon theshear-levers, Inay not be sufficient alone to force the reciprocatingactuating-bar O back after its advancing stroke, retraction-springs O4may be arranged on IOO IIO

.i i 654,911 v s eitherl side of the bar of `suiiicient strength tocauseits `rollerto` constantly follow the contour of "the actuating-cam.Referring to `the same gures, the nipper-jaws are operated to close uponthe wire immediately after the feeding movement, remain closed while thepointing and severing jaws act anduntil the upsetting-hammer has madeits effective movement, and then opened for a fresh forward feed of thewire by means of the recip-Q rocating actuating-bar P, riding by itsroller p `upon the periphery ofthe actuating-cam B4, playing` in ways p'and p2 in the abovementionedhangers O'` and O2 and engaging withconverging arms p3 of toggles P', which i act at each advancing movementof the bar to force apart the lowerpendent arms of the nipper-levers andclose said nipper-jaxvs.

Like the bar O,this barP may be held in eifect-` ive contact with itscam by retraction-springs P2, arranged on` each side thereof, so thatafter each advancing movement it may be drawn back as soon as it runsoff of the thrust,

ing reach of the cam and` permit the spring K2 to act and open the jaws.

It will be observed that a number of benchsections--in the presentinstance nine-are arranged around the single central driving-i'.`

shaft, each adapted to carry a s lidable frametable andV accessories insuch manner that the rollers of their actuating-rods, plungers, and barsengage with the same relative cam on said central shaft, wherebycorresponding instrumentalities carried by each frame-plate aresuccessively moved by the same cam. It will also be observed that thenumber of actuations for each revolution of the drivingshaft isdependent upon the number of salient tracks upon each cam, five beingthe number herein shown, and that consequently the number of the nailsmanufactured for each revolution will equal the product of the number ofsections by the number of actuating-tracks on said cams, or forty-ninein the example proposed. It will further be observed that eachthroat-section may be adjusted to turn out nails of length or sizesdiffering from those turned out by the other sections and that by simplyoperating the retracting-lever any section may be Withdrawn from actionand left idle without interference with the action of the others. Asalready stated, it is preferred to arrange the sections so that all thereciprocating actuating and operating bars or plungers are tangential tothe driving-shaft, and consequently to the pitch-line of the cams. Thisbrings the thrust of the cams more nearly in line with the trend of saidbars, facilitates a longer reciprocating impulse and easier ascent ofthe outward tracks, and almost entirely ob` Viates lateral or torsionalstrains upon said bars or plungers, such as would be the inevitableresult were said bars radial to the shaft.

`carrying actuating-cams, of a plurality of frame plates mountedtherearound, wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severingmechanisms carried by each of said plates, and reciprocatingactuating-bars for said mechanisms provided with rollers on their endsadjacent to the shaft and each engaging with the same relative cam.

2. The combination with the central shaft carrying actuating-cams, of aplurality of frame-plates mounted therearound to slide convergingl ytheretoward, Wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing and severingmechanisms carried by each of said plates reciprocating actuating-barsforsaid mechanisms, the bars for each plate adapted `to engage endwisewith the same relative cam on the central shaft, and means for movingeach plate with its freighted group of mechanisms toward or away fromsaid `shaftto b mechanisms carried by each of said plates,

reciprocating actuating-bars for said mechanisms, the bars for eachserial group of mechanisms adapted to engage endwise with the samerelative cam on the central shaft, and independent means carried by eachframe for controlling the length of feed thereon.

4. The combination with the central driving-shaft carryingactuating-cams, one for each serial group of mechanisms, of frameplatesmounted therearound, Wire feeding, nipping, heading and pointing andsevering mechanisms carried by each of said frame plates, reciprocatingactuating-bars for said mechanisms mounted to move in guides in saidplate tangentially to the shaft or pitchline of the cams, and rollers onthe proximate ends of said bars, riding upon the periphery of the samerelative cam traveled by the actuating-bars of all the series of thesame group.

5. The combination vwith the central driving-shaft carryingactuating-cams, one for each serial group of mechanisms, of frame'-plates arranged therearound to slide in guides tangential to the shaftor pitch-line of said cams, reciprocating actuating-bars borne by saidplates, one for each individual mechanism thereon, rollers on theproximate ends of said bars, traveling upon the same relative camengaged by the actuating-bars of the other mechanisms of like rankcarried by the remaining frame-plates, and means for independentlyadvancing said frame-plates toward or retracting them from said cams.

6. The combination of the central driving IOO shaft, the tableencircling it, the triangular bench-sections tangentially secured tosaid plate, the frame-plates mounted in guides therein to slide towardand from said shaft, the feeding, nipping, heading and pointing andsevering mechanisms carried by said frame plates, the reciprocatingactuatingbars, also carried by said plates,the cams upon said shaft, onefor each actuating-bar of a like serial group of mechanisms, and thelocking-toggles with their' levers for independently projecting andwithdrawing each plate.

'7. The combination of the central drivingshaft, the frame-platesencircling it, the wirefeed carried by each frame-plate, theupsetting-plunger and intermediate connections by which said feed isactuated, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said plungers,the nipping-jaws also carried by each frameplate', the reciprocatingbars by which they are operated, the cam on said central shaft common toall of said bars, the pointing and severing jaws likewise carried bysaid frameplates, the reciprocating bar for actuating them and the camon said central shaft common to all of said bars.

S. The combination of the central drivingshaft, the frame-platesencircling it, the Wirefeed carried by each frame-plate, theupsetting-plunger and intermediate connections by which said feed isactuated, the cam on said central shaft common to all of said plungers,the nipping-jaws also carried by each frameplate, the reciprocating barsby which they are operated, the cam on said central shaft -plates, thereciprocating bar for actuating them, the cam on said central shaftcommon to all of said bars, the ejectors with their rockshafts andactuating-rods further carried by said frame-plates, and the cam commonto all of said rods.

9. The combination of the nipper-jaws, adjustably held in the ends ofthe elbow-levers, the spring attached to the opposite ends of saidlevers,adj ustable stops to limit the throw of said levers, elbow leversor toggles engaging the ends of said levers and adapted to forciblyspread them, the reciprocating actuating-bar engaging the arms of saidtoggles, and the cam.

l0. The combination of the pointing and severing jaws, adjustably heldin slides arranged transversely of the throatway, the levers havingtheir ends engaging said slides and adapted to move them, the springengaging the opposite ends of said levers, the elbow levers or togglesadapted to spread the ends of said levers,the reciprocatingactuating-bar engaging the arms of said toggles,and the cam.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JAMES J. MORRISSEY.

Witnesses:

LEVI D. KEIM, DANIEL A. DEAN.

